Cara Membaca Alif Lam Syamsiah Yaitu

>Hello Sohib EditorOnline! In this journal article, we will talk about “cara membaca alif lam syamsiah yaitu” or how to read alif-lam sun letters in relaxed Indonesian language. This topic is especially important for those who want to learn and understand Arabic language and its rules of pronunciation. Let’s get started!

What is Alif Lam Syamsiah?

Before we learn how to read alif-lam sun letters, let’s first understand what it is. Alif Lam Syamsiah is a term used in Arabic grammar to describe a specific group of letters that are pronounced differently depending on the following letter. The letters included in this group are:

Letter	Pronunciation
أ (alif)	a
ل (lam)	always pronounced
ش (syin)	sh
ص (shad)	sh
س (sin)	s
ز (zai)	z
ط (tha)	th
ظ (dha)	z
د (dal)	d
ت (ta)	t
ك (kaf)	k

These letters are called sun letters because when they are followed by certain letters, the pronunciation of the sun letters changes, as if they are absorbing the sound of the following letters. This change is called idgham.

What is Idgham?

Idgham is a rule of pronunciation in Arabic which requires the assimilation of one sound into another. It occurs when two letters come together and the sound of the first letter is absorbed by the sound of the second letter. This is also referred to as “merging” or “assimilation”. In the case of alif-lam sun letters, idgham occurs when the sun letter is followed by any of the 14 moon letters.

What are Moon Letters?

Moon letters are the opposite of sun letters. When a letter is not a sun letter, it is a moon letter. These letters do not cause idgham when they follow a sun letter. The moon letters are:

Letter	Pronunciation
غ (ghain)	gh
ح (ha)	h
خ (kha)	kh
ع (ain)	‘
ه (ha)	h
ع (ain)	‘
غ (ghain)	gh
ف (fa)	f
ق (qaf)	q
ظ (dha)	z
ج (jim)	j
د (dal)	d
ب (ba)	b
م (mim)	m

How to Read Alif Lam Syamsiah?

Now that we understand the basics of alif-lam sun letters, let’s learn how to read them. There are three rules to follow when reading alif-lam sun letters:

1. Idgham with Ghunnah

When a sun letter is followed by a moon letter, the sound is merged and the sun letter is pronounced as if it has a ghunnah or nasalization. This means that the sound of the sun letter is extended and the air is forced out through the nose. For example:

المَدينَة (al-madi-nah) becomes المَدينَةٌ (al-madi-natun)

دَرَسَ الشابُ الكَتابَ (darasa al-shabu al-kitaba) becomes دَرَسَ الشابُّ الكَتابَ (darasa al-shab-bu al-kitaba)

Note that the sun letter is not pronounced as a separate letter, but instead the sound of the sun letter is merged with the sound of the following letter.

2. Izhar

When a sun letter is followed by another sun letter, the two sounds are pronounced separately and distinctly. This is called izhar. For example:

الشَمسُ وَالقَمَرُ (al-shamsu wa al-qamaru)

الدِّيْنُ وَالدُّنْيَا (ad-dinu wa ad-dunya)

Note that in izhar, the sound of the sun letter is not merged with the sound of the following letter.

3. Ikhfa

When a sun letter is followed by one of the two letters ي (ya) or و (waw), the sound of the sun letter is not merged or pronounced as a distinct letter, but is instead pronounced softly or muted. This is called ikhfa. For example:

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (qul huwa Allahu ahadun)

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا (inna allatheena kafaru)

Note that in ikhfa, the sound of the sun letter is not pronounced strongly, but is instead muted or said softly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the sun letters?

The sun letters are a group of 11 Arabic letters that are pronounced differently depending on the letter that follows them. These letters are أ (alif), ل (lam), ش (syin), ص (shad), س (sin), ز (zai), ط (tha), ظ (zha), د (dal), ت (ta), and ك (kaf).

What are the moon letters?

The moon letters are the opposite of the sun letters. They are not affected by the letters that come before them and are pronounced normally. The moon letters are غ (ghain), ح (ha), خ (kha), ع (ain), ه (ha), ع (ain), غ (ghain), ف (fa), ق (qaf), ظ (zha), ج (jim), د (dal), ب (ba), and م (mim).

What is idgham?

Idgham is a rule of pronunciation in Arabic which requires the assimilation of one sound into another. It occurs when two letters come together and the sound of the first letter is absorbed by the sound of the second letter.

What is izhar?

Izhar is a rule of pronunciation in Arabic which requires the separate and distinct pronunciation of two letters that come together. This occurs when a sun letter is followed by another sun letter.

What is ikhfa?

Ikhfa is a rule of pronunciation in Arabic which requires the soft or muted pronunciation of a letter when it is followed by ي (ya) or و (waw). This occurs when a sun letter is followed by one of these two letters.

How do I practice reading alif-lam sun letters?

The best way to practice reading alif-lam sun letters is to start with simple words and then gradually move on to more complex ones. You can find numerous resources online that offer practice exercises and drills. It is also recommended that you listen to Arabic speakers and try to imitate their pronunciation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, reading alif-lam sun letters is an important aspect of learning Arabic language and its pronunciation rules. By understanding the rules of idgham, izhar, and ikhfa, you will be able to pronounce the sun letters correctly and read Arabic words accurately. With practice and commitment, you will be able to master this skill and further your understanding of the Arabic language.

Cara Membaca Alif Lam Syamsiah Yaitu