Cara Mencari Konfigurasi Elektron

>Hello Sohib EditorOnline! In this journal article, we will discuss the steps to find the electronic configuration of elements. Electronic configuration determines the arrangement of electrons in an atom’s energy levels. It helps to determine the chemical properties of elements and their reactivity. This article will guide you on how to find electronic configurations easily and quickly.

What is Electronic Configuration?

Electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons in the energy levels or shells of an atom. Electrons are arranged in the lowest energy level first, followed by higher energy levels, according to the Aufbau principle.

The electronic configuration of an element shows the number of electrons in each energy level. The first energy level can hold up to two electrons, the second energy level can hold up to 8 electrons, and so on. The electronic configuration is usually represented by a notation known as the orbital notation or electron configuration notation.

Orbital Notation

The orbital notation represents electrons in the energy levels or shells of an atom using arrows. Each arrow represents an electron, and the direction of the arrow represents the spin of the electron. For example, the orbital notation for helium, which has two electrons, is:

Element	Orbital Notation
He	↑↓

Electron Configuration Notation

The electron configuration notation shows the number of electrons in each energy level using numbers and letters. The numbers represent the energy levels, and the letters represent the subshells. For example, the electron configuration of helium is:

Element	Electron Configuration Notation
He	1s²

How to Find Electronic Configuration?

There are two methods to find the electronic configuration of elements: the orbital notation method and the electron configuration notation method. Both methods are easy and quick to use.

Orbital Notation Method

The orbital notation method involves writing the electron configuration using arrows to represent electrons. This method is best used for elements with a small number of electrons. Here are the steps to follow:

1. Determine the atomic number of the element.
2. Draw the nucleus of the atom and the energy levels or shells surrounding it.
3. Put the electrons in the lowest energy level first, followed by the higher energy levels, according to the Aufbau principle.
4. Put up to two electrons in the first energy level, up to eight electrons in the second energy level, up to 18 electrons in the third energy level, and up to 32 electrons in the fourth energy level.
5. Use arrows to represent the electrons in each subshell, with the direction of the arrow indicating the spin of the electron.

For example, let’s find the electronic configuration of neon using the orbital notation method:

Step	Orbital Notation for Neon
1	The atomic number of neon is 10.
2
3
4
5

Therefore, the electronic configuration of neon using the orbital notation method is:

Element	Orbital Notation
Ne	1s² 2s² 2p⁶

Electron Configuration Notation Method

The electron configuration notation method involves writing the electron configuration using numbers and letters to represent electrons. This method is best used for elements with a large number of electrons. Here are the steps to follow:

1. Determine the atomic number of the element.
2. Write the number of electrons in each energy level using the format nsubshell².
3. Use the increasing order of energy levels and subshells, according to the Aufbau principle.
4. For example, the electron configuration of neon is:

Step	Electron Configuration for Neon
1	The atomic number of neon is 10.
2	1s² 2s² 2p⁶

Therefore, the electronic configuration of neon using the electron configuration notation method is:

Element	Electron Configuration Notation
Ne	1s² 2s² 2p⁶

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the Aufbau principle?

The Aufbau principle states that electrons fill the lowest energy levels first, followed by higher energy levels, according to the increasing order of energy levels and subshells.

Why is electronic configuration important?

Electronic configuration determines the chemical properties of elements and their reactivity. It helps to predict the bonding and behavior of atoms in molecules.

What is an energy level?

An energy level is a region of space around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found. Energy levels are also called electron shells or orbitals.

What is a subshell?

A subshell is a subdivision of an energy level that contains one or more orbitals of the same energy. Subshells are identified by the letters s, p, d, and f.

What is an orbital?

An orbital is a region of space around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found. Each orbital can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins.

Cara Mencari Konfigurasi Elektron